He is married to Sabine Moritz. Corrections? [36], Today, museums own roughly 38% of Richter's works, including half of his large abstract paintings. [87], Photographer Cotton Coulson described Richter as "one of [his] favourite artists". This page was last edited on 20 January 2021, at 20:39. His first students are Gotthard Graubner, HA Schult and Kuno Gonschior. The later work in turn is part of a larger two-section collaboration, Reich Richter Pärt which was commissioned for the inaugural season at The Shed in the Hudson Yards development in Manhattan in New York City. At the same time, he developed a large body of gestural abstractions of every scale, using an array of painting methods, particularly a handmade squeegee technique that pushes and scrapes layers of coloured paint across the field of the canvas. [72], Richter first began exhibiting in Düsseldorf in 1963. The photographs, not all taken by Richter himself, are mostly snapshots of daily life: family vacations, pictures of friends, mountains, buildings and streetscapes. [78] It included more than 90 works,[79] including the newly created Atlas Overview, a 400-panel extract selected by Richter from the larger Atlas project now deemed too fragile for loan or travel. The resulting November sheets are regarded as a significant departure from his previous watercolours in that the pervasive soaking of ink into wet paper produced double-sided works. View Gerhard Richter’s 7,176 artworks on artnet. He never became an avid supporter of Nazism, and was not required to attend party rallies. 648-2, from 1987. In those paintings, he reduces worldly images to mere incidents of Art. Each color was then randomly ordered to create the resultant composition and form of the painting. It does not change; it is absolute, and therefore autonomous, unconditional, devoid of style. Then it is best to leave it alone. Once obsessed, one ultimately carries it to the point of believing that one might change human beings through painting. [99] Months later, a record $21.8 million was paid at Christie's for the 1993 painting Abstraktes Bild 798-3. [75] In 2006, an exhibition at the Getty Center connected the landscapes of Richter to the Romantic pictures of Caspar David Friedrich, showing that both artists "used abstraction, expansiveness, and emptiness to express transcendent emotion through painting. Hildegard's father, Ernst Alfred Schönfelder, at one time was considered a gifted pianist. Gerhard Richter is considered among the most important living contemporary artists and is a crucial figure in Post-War German Art. Richter developed Version II – 49 paintings, each of which measures 97 by 97 centimeters – especially for the Serpentine Gallery. [26], Richter began making prints in 1965. Roku 1995 získal Wolfovu cenu za umění, o dva roky později cenu Praemium Imperiale. Richter has been the recipient of numerous prominent awards, including the State Prize of the state North Rhine-Westphalia in 2000; the Wexner Prize, 1998; the Praemium Imperiale, Japan, 1997; the Golden Lion of the 47th Biennale, Venice, 1997; the Wolf Prize in Israel in 1994/5; the Kaiserring Prize der Stadt Goslar, Mönchehaus-Museum für Moderne Kunst, Goslar, Germany, 1988; the Oskar Kokoschka Prize, Vienna, 1985; the Arnold Bode Prize, Kassel, 1981; and the Junger Western Art Prize, Germany, 1961. His later work includes landscapes, city scenes, and portraits of his family, friends, and art world associates, all rendered in a soft-focus realism. Among the students who studied with Richter at the Kunstakademie Düsseldorf between 1971 and 1994 were Ludger Gerdes, Hans-Jörg Holubitschka, Bernard Lokai, Thomas Schütte, Thomas Struth, Katrin Kneffel, Michael van Ofen, and Richter's second wife, Isa Genzken. Richter has produced abstract as well as photorealistic paintings, and also photographs and glass pieces. [74] Richter's first North American retrospective was in 1998 at the Art Gallery of Ontario and at the Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago. Gerhard's younger sister, Gisela, was born there in 1936. Richter's two portraits of Betty, his daughter, were made in 1977 and 1988 respectively; the three portraits titled IG were made in 1993 and depict the artist's second wife, Isa Genzken. [95] Vierwaldstätter See, the largest of a distinct series of four views of Lake Lucerne painted by Richter in 1969, sold for £15.8 million ($24 million) at Christie's London in 2015. [31] According to Dietmar Elger, Richter's landscapes are understood within the context of traditional of German Romantic Painting. Gerhard Richter: "The Condition of History" in: Charles Harrison, & Paul Wood (Eds. Juergen Schreiber: "A painter from Germany". For decades he has sought innovative ways to make painting more relevant, often through a multifaceted dialogue with photography. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Gerhard-Richter, Guggenheim - Biography of Gerhard Richter. See available prints and multiples, paintings, and photographs for sale and learn about the artist. Three months after his MoMA exhibition opened in 2001, Sotheby's sold his Three Candles (1982) for $5.3 million. [98] In November 2011, Sotheby's sold a group of colorful abstract canvases by Richter, including Abstraktes Bild 849-3, which made a record price for the artist at auction when Lily Safra[99] paid $20.8 million[100] only to donate it to the Israel Museum afterwards. In 1976, Richter first gave the title Abstract Painting to one of his works. [55] These plain sheets of glass could tilt away from the poles on which they were mounted at an angle that changed from one installation to the next. See available prints and multiples, paintings, and photographs for sale and learn about the artist. ... Not Kelly, but Bob Ryman, Brice Marden, Alan Charlton, Yves Klein and many others. Both in its ways of informing, and in what it informs of, it is my source. Richter taught at the Hochschule für bildende Künste Hamburg and the Nova Scotia College of Art and Design as a visiting professor; he returned to the Kunstakademie Düsseldorf in 1971, where he worked as a professor for over 15 years. Gerhard Richter. In 2012 he was asked to design the first page of the German newspaper Die Welt. Angelika Thill: "Catalogue raisonné since 1962" in: Kunst- und Ausstellungshalle der Bundesrepublik Deutschland GmbH (ed. [52] The charts provided anonymous and impersonal source material, a way for Richter to disassociate color from any traditional, descriptive, symbolic or expressive end. Thereafter Friedrich was only entitled to sell the paintings that he had already obtained contractually from Richter. Obrist, Hans Ulrich: "Gerhard Richter: 4900 Colours", Hatje Cantz, 2009. His solitary candle was reproduced on a monumental scale and placed overlooking the River Elbe as a symbol of rejuvenation.[37]. Notably, some of Richter's relatives were directly involved in the Nazi movement, namely his father, a schoolteacher, and an uncle. Ernst moved the family to Dresden after taking up the family enterprise of brewing and eventually went bankrupt. ): "Gerhard Richter", Ostfildern-Ruit 1993. The battle with the trauma of the displaced history of Western Germany. He was made an honorary citizen of Cologne in April 2007. [93], In February 2008, Christie's London set a first record for Richter's "capitalist realism" pictures from the 1960s by selling the painting Zwei Liebespaare (1966) for £7,300,500 ($14.3 million)[94] to Stephan Schmidheiny. Coming full-circle from his early Table (1962) in which he cancelled his photorealist image with haptic swirls of grey paint,[42] in 1969, Richter produced the first of a group of grey monochromes that consist exclusively of the textures resulting from different methods of paint application. [citation needed] The original, over 7 metres (23 ft) square, is now showcased in Sonic Youth's studio in NYC. Getty Trust Publications, Jean Paul Getty Museum, Cologne 2006. (It had been estimated to bring $14.1 million to $18.8 million. Much later, after German reunification, two "windows" of the wall painting Joy of life (1956) would be uncovered in the stairway of the German Hygiene Museum, but these were later covered over when it was decided to restore the Museum to its original 1930 state. ", "I blur things to make everything equally important and equally unimportant. Today, many call Gerhard Richter the best living painter. The artist waived any fee, and the costs of materials and mounting the window came to around €370,000 ($506,000), covered by donations from more than 1,000 people. In the final series of Color Charts which preoccupied Richter throughout 1973 and 1974, additional elements to this permutational system of color production were added in the form of mixes of a light grey, a dark gray and later, a green. This title also referred to the realist style of art known as Socialist Realism, then the official art doctrine of the Soviet Union, but it also commented upon the consumer-driven art doctrine of western capitalism. Gerhard Richter’ s work is widely varied in terms of media, approach, technique, and style. [72] [73] He called them his last major work, adding that he would focus on drawings and sketches from then on. They depict a photo, published in the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, of a computer-generated simulacrum of reflections from the silicon dioxide found in insects' shells.[41]. Once in Dresden, Hildegard trained as a bookseller, and in doing so realized a passion for literature and music. See Oliver Kornhoff and Barbara Nierhoff, highest price at auction of a piece of contemporary art, "Early Years » Biography » Gerhard Richter", Axel Griesch, "Müllkünstler HA Schult: Ich möchte Unsterblichkeit. I blur things so that they do not look artistic or craftsmanlike but technological, smooth and perfect. Omissions? ", "The best thing that could have happened to art was its divorce from government. Gerhard Richter (German: [ˈʁɪçtɐ]; born 9 February 1932) is a German visual artist.Richter is known for his abstract and photorealistic paintings. Returning to color charts in the 1970s, Richter changed his focus from the readymade to the conceptual system, developing mathematical procedures for mixing colours and chance operations for their placement. He is known as one of the most important German artists and many of his works have set record prices at auction. After 2000, Richter made a number of works that dealt with scientific phenomena, in particular, with aspects of reality that cannot be seen by the naked eye. In his abstract pictures, Richter builds up cumulative layers of non-representational painting, beginning with brushing big swaths of primary color onto canvas. Soon after, he had exhibitions in Munich and Berlin and by the early 1970s exhibited frequently throughout Europe and the United States. Februar 1932 in Dresden) ist ein deutscher Maler, Bildhauer und Fotograf. A family drama, München and Zürich (Pendo publishers) 2005. Influenced by old master vanitas painters such as Georges de La Tour and Francisco de Zurbarán, the artist began to experiment with arrangements of candles and skulls placed in varying degrees of natural light, sitting atop otherwise barren tables. He was most active before 1974, only completing sporadic projects since that time. [68][69][70] A professed atheist with "a strong leaning towards Catholicism", Richter had his three children with his third wife baptized in the Cologne Cathedral. I blur things to make all the parts a closer fit. It was produced at the same time he developed his design for the south transept window of Cologne Cathedral. During this time, he worked intensively on murals like Arbeiterkampf (Workers' struggle), on oil paintings (e.g. He married his second wife, the sculptor Isa Genzken, in 1982. In November 2008, Richter began a series in which he applied ink droplets to wet paper, using alcohol and lacquer to extend and retard the ink's natural tendency to bloom and creep. Three RAF members were found dead in their prison cells on 18 October 1977 and the cause of their deaths was the focus of widespread controversy. For Richter, reality is the combination of new attempts to understand—to represent; in his case, to paint—the world surrounding us. "It makes no sense to expect or claim to 'make the invisible visible', or the unknown known, or the unthinkable thinkable. [105], When asked about art prices like these, Richter said "It's just as absurd as the banking crisis. The paintings were based on an official portrait of Ulrike Meinhof during her years as a radical journalist; on photographs of the arrest of Holger Meins; on police shots of Gudrun Ensslin in prison; on Andreas Baader's bookshelves and the record player to conceal his gun; on the dead figures of Meinhof, Ensslin, and Baader; and on the funeral of Ensslin, Baader, and Jan-Carl Raspe. In 1966, Bruno Bischofberger was the first to show Richter's works outside Germany. In 1983, Richter resettled from Düsseldorf to Cologne, where he still lives and works today. In a 1988 series of 15 ambiguous photo paintings entitled 18 October 1977, he depicted four members of the Red Army Faction (RAF), a German left-wing militant organization. Blurring is not the most important thing; nor is it an identity tag for my pictures. But if one lacks this passionate commitment, there is nothing left to do. [36], Richter's candle paintings were the first to command high auction prices. [citation needed] Don DeLillo's short story "Baader-Meinhof" describes an encounter between two strangers at the Museum of Modern Art in New York. Gerhard Richter was born on February 9, 1932 in Dresden, Saxony, Germany. Er war von 1971 bis 1993 Professor für Malerei an der Kunstakademie Düsseldorf. [47] In 2006, Richter conceived six paintings as a coherent group under the title Cage, named after the American avant-garde composer John Cage. A private collection", Duesseldorf 2004. Over the course of his acclaimed 60-year career, Gerhard Richter (b. He studies painting at … Gerhard Richter was born on February 9, 1932 in Dresden, Saxony, Germany. In 1948, at the age of 16, Richter quit his formal educatio… Gerhard's mother, Hildegard Schönfelder, gave birth to him at the age of 25. Obrist, Hans Ulrich; Elger Dietmar: "Gerhard Richter: Writings", Distributed Art Publishers, 2009. Richter had two sons and a daughter with his third wife, Sabine Moritz after they were married in 1995. Find an in-depth biography, exhibitions, original artworks for sale, the latest news, and sold auction prices. Často kombinuje malbu s fotografií. Richter was born in Hospital Dresden-Neustadt in Dresden, Saxony,[1] and grew up in Reichenau, Lower Silesia (now Bogatynia, Poland), and in Waltersdorf (Zittauer Gebirge), in the Upper Lusatian countryside, where his father worked as a village teacher. From the mid-1980s, Richter began to use a homemade squeegee to rub and scrape the paint that he had applied in large bands across his canvases. Glenn Lowry, director of the Museum of Modern Art, noted: “Richter is the author of pictures so different from one another … [72] They are abstract painted works inspired by his "Pattern" series from the 1990s. Gerhard Richter was born in 1932 in Dresden, Germany. He moves between hyper realism and abstraction easily, as well as painting and photography, and painting photographs. Jürgen Schilling: "Gerhard Richter. ", "I’m not trying to imitate a photograph; I’m trying to make one. Gerhard Richter (German: ˈʁɪçtɐ; born 9 February 1932) is a German visual artist. [42], Richter became known to a U.S. audience in 1990, when the Saint Louis Art Museum circulated Baader-Meinhof (18 October 1977), a show that that was later seen at the Lannan Foundation in Marina del Rey, California. [109][110], For the German Major in the Luftwaffe, see. Lesende (1994) portrays Sabine Moritz, whom Richter married in 1995, shown absorbed in the pages of a magazine. The Candle paintings coincided with his first large-scale abstract paintings, and represent the complete antithesis to those vast, colorful and playfully meaningless works. And if I disregard the assumption that a photograph is a piece of paper exposed to light, then I am practicing photography by other means. Panorama 12 February – 13 May, 2012, National Geographic Traveller: Cotton Coulson, Richter $16.6 Million Record Leads Auction Boost to Art Market, Gerhard Richter, b.1932: Matrosen (Sailors), Christie's and Sotheby's Auctions in London Keep the Bubble Afloat, Abstraktes Bild – Abstract Painting 1979: Catalogue Raisonné 447, "Disruptions at Sotheby's Contemporary Auction", Surprise! Ernst Hohenthal: "A family secret in the public domain". [3] In 1942, Gerhard was conscripted into the Deutsches Jungvolk, but by the end of the war he was still too young to be an official member of the Hitler Youth. [24] Many of his realist paintings reflect on the history of National Socialism, creating paintings of family members who had been members, as well as victims of, the Nazi party. Each composition is most commonly based on a photograph taken by Richter in his own studio. Israel Museum Is Receiving a Richter, As Stocks Fall, Art Surges At a $315.8 Million Sale, Hedge Funder Cohen, Eye Rothko, $25 Million Richter Sells, Gerhard Richter Painting Sets Record Auction Price for a Living Artist, "Richter Painting breaks record for living artist", "At $142.4 Million, Triptych Is the Most Expensive Artwork Ever Sold at an Auction", "Gerhard Richter talks about Panorama at Tate Modern", https://hollandfestival.nl/en/program/2018/richters-patterns/, "New Steve Reich Gerhard Richter Film Project Premieres at The Shed", Thomas Dreher: Gerhard Richter: Atlas (1989), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gerhard_Richter&oldid=1001685148, Articles with German-language sources (de), Articles with dead external links from October 2017, Articles with permanently dead external links, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2015, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2011, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2013, Pages using refbegin with normalfont parameter, Articles with French-language sources (fr), Wikipedia articles with BIBSYS identifiers, Wikipedia articles with CANTIC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz identifiers, Wikipedia articles with PLWABN identifiers, Wikipedia articles with RKDartists identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SELIBR identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SNAC-ID identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with Trove identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, "My sole concern is the object. 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