If red blood cells appear blueish or green indicates stain or buffer is too alkaline, smear is too thick, Prolonged Staining. However, microscopic evaluation of peripheral blood smears affords clinicians additional data that may be used to guide diagnosis and treatment. 11. Making a great blood smear (or blood film as some call it) is an important skill for any veterinary professional, even if your hospital does not require differentials to be done on a regular basis.It’s a great way to impress your colleagues! See our Privacy Policy and User Agreement for details. A. Erythrocyte Morphology, Platelet evaluation, Quantitative White Blood Cells. Peripheral Blood Smear 1. Fingerstick- Best sample (no anticoagulant effect), 2. Good Blood Smear - Margin free with distinct lateral edge, Smooth Appearance, Placed centrally on the slide, Has uniform distribution of leukocytes, Whole drop of blood is picked up and spread, Has gradual transition from thick to thin ,When held up to light has a rainbow appearance. An IUD does not interfere with the ability to get a good sample. Burkitt cells on a peripheral blood smear: how to deal with? List the characteristics of a good blood smear Good Blood Smear - Margin free with distinct lateral edge, Smooth Appearance, Placed centrally on the slide, Has uniform distribution of leukocytes, Whole drop of blood is picked up and spread, Has gradual transition from thick to thin ,When held up to light has a rainbow appearance. Improper timing of staining or buffering, Deteriorated reagent. Mild monocytosis (900/μL) along with the persistent lymphopenia was also noted. Explain the factors, which affect the quality of stained blood smear, including sources of error in the technique. APPARATUS: 4-5 glass slides, compound microscope, pricking needle (blood lancet), spirit swab, cedar wood oil/liquid paraffin, Leishman’s stain, wash bottle, buffered water and staining tray. Now customize the name of a clipboard to store your clips. Describe different erythrocyte inclusions, their etiology and their clinical significance. Describe the optimal area for evaluating and enumerating blood cells on a well stained smear. Normochromic when the color is normal. Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. In patients with anemia, the Left smear is unstained, right smear is stained with Wright-Giemsa stain. Clinical Case Study Fatigued: A Case on Blood Download Case Study with Worksheet Harold is a 67-year-old male who has had regular physical exams, is a non-smoker, and who has been in good health for most of his life. Compound Microscope 1 3. 3.Film should not be too thin or too thick . Examining the monolayer of a well-prepared and properly stained blood smear allows veterinary technicians to assess erythrocyte (RBC), leukocyte (WBC) and platelet morphology. Ann Biol Clin (Paris). Any condition which causes an increase in the See our User Agreement and Privacy Policy. A lymphocyte is a type of white blood cell in the vertebrate immune system. Two push-type peripheral blood smears suitable for characterization of cellular blood elements. Characteristics of good smear : 1.Surface should be even and uniform ,margins should not extend to the side of the slide. Blood smears are used to determine leukocyte differentials, to evaluate erythrocyte, platelet and leukocyte morphology, and, if necessary, to estimate platelet and leukocyte counts. Use either Push wedge method or Automated method to prepare blood smear. A blood smear is considered abnormal when there’s an abnormality in the size, shape, color, or number of cells in your blood. Attention to detail in slide preparation, staining and standard criteria for cell estimates, morphology and differential reporting enhance the value of The peripheral blood film remains a very useful tool in hematological assessment. Parts of the Compound Microscope Tube It is cylindrical tube through which the light from an illuminated object traverses enroute its formation of an image. The purpose of preparation of blood smear (blood film} is to study the morphology of RBCs, differential leukocyte count and reticulocyte count. A blood smear involves looking at a sample of blood under the microscope after applying special stains and looking for abnormalities or changes in red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. [1] Lymphocytes include natural killer cells (which function in cell-mediated, cytotoxic innate immunity), T cells (for cell-mediated, cytotoxic adaptive immunity), and B cells (for humoral, antibody-driven adaptive immunity). 2016 Dec 1;74(6):697-703 Authors: Wyrwas M, Michel J, Guibaud I, Lesesve JF, Bénet B Abstract The diagnosis of double hit lymphoma remains a challenge for the biologist for a good management of the patient. List the characteristics of a good blood smear. Different Dyes stain various cell componets with different color. With the advent of hematological automated machines, complete and highly accurate hematological data and parameters like complete blood count or CBC can be obtained within a few minutes. To determine white blood cells population and distribuation is within normal limits, and also assess the RBC and platelet morphology. In this video I quickly go over how to make a peripheral blood smear. The blood smear demonstrated hypersegmented neutrophils (panels A,C), macrocytes (panel B), and red blood cell fragments (panels A,C). All liver function tests were abnormal indicating that the target cells are due to liver disease secondary to CD. Peripheral Blood Smear DR. ANWAR H. SIDDIQUI 2. Abnormal results may vary depending on the type of blood cell affected. cells, prompting peripheral blood smear evaluation. Peripheral blood film or Peripheral blood smear or Peripheral smear examination forms an important and basic lab investigation for diagnosing a number of hematological (blood) disorders. Microcytic when the size is smaller than normal RBC and these are less than 6 µm. A blood smear evaluates red blood cells (RBC morphology) white blood cells (WBC) and platelets to help diagnose It is often done as part of or along with a complete blood count (CBC). Serum folate and vitamin B 12 were normal, but plasma homocysteine was elevated (>100.0 μmol/L), methionine decreased (10 μmol/L), and methylmalonic acid normal, indicating a specific homocysteine to methionine conversion defect. A good wedge smear should cover half to three fourths of the slide, should show gradual transition from a thick to a thin end with a feathered edge. Looks like you’ve clipped this slide to already. A blood film—or peripheral blood smear—is a thin layer of blood smeared on a glass microscope slide and then stained in such a way as to allow the various blood cells to be examined microscopically. Has both thick and thin areas with gradual transition. It might be used to help identify and/or keep an eye on numerous conditions A polychrome stain, contains methylene blue and eosine dye dissolved in methyl alcohol. State the appropriate sample used for preparing a peripheral blood smear. Describe the appearance of a Describe the blood specimen and procedure for preparing a blood smear. You can change your ad preferences anytime. It should have a smooth appearance and have no ridges, holes, lines, streaks or clumps. Characteristics of A Good Smear 1. A blood smear is a blood test that gives information about the number and shape of blood cells. 1. 2.Smear should be tongue shaped . 2. The shape of blood film 9. If RBCs are bright red it indicates stain or buffer is too acid, drying is incomplete before staining, Staining time is insufficient or inadequate. Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. If you are using venous blood, blood smears should be prepared as soon as possible after collection (delay can result in changes in parasite morphology and staining characteristics). blood smear. 30×) than in an equal area of a thin smear. Peripheral A blood smear is often used as a follow-up test to abnormal results on a total blood count (CBC) to evaluate the various types of blood cells. 1. Blood Smear Venipuncture with anticoagulant (Use EDTA collected specimen within 1 hour). Clipping is a handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to later. RBCs are not quite touching and have a central pallor. 3. The smear shows numerous target cells and a spur cell (top right). State the components and function of a Wright's Stain. A peripheral blood smear is a glass microscope slide coated on one side with a thin layer of venous blood.The slide is stained with a dye, usually Wright’s stain, and examined under a microscope[1]. Osmotic fragility & rbc membrane defects 050916, No public clipboards found for this slide. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Desirable qualities of a blood smear include: i. We use your LinkedIn profile and activity data to personalize ads and to show you more relevant ads. In peripheral blood film (PBF), neutrophils showed characteristic C-shaped, fetus-like nuclei, elongated nucleoplasm, and ring-shaped nuclei. Cell Size (immature cells are larger), Nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio (relative and absoluate size of the nucleus decreases as a result of nuclear maturation) , RBC's (nucleus and other organelles disappear), Nucleus (Young nucleus is reddish and bcome bluer as cell ages, chromatin is fine and lacy and becomes coarse, clumped and condensed as cells mature), Cytoplasm (Granulocyte matures from non granulated to specific granules which differs in dye affinity, granules increase in number). BLOOD SMEAR BASICS JENNIFER A. NEEL, DVM, DACVP (CLINICAL) ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR, CLINICAL PATHOLOGY NC STATE COLLEGE OF VETERINARY MEDICINE RALEIGH, NC, … Understand the general rule of cell identification. Increase in the amout of thrombocytes, seen in blood loss and after surgery. Prolonged storage of anticoagulated blood specimen, Delay in spreading the blood drop, Dirty and poor quality glass slide, Inappropriate size of blood drop, Improper angle of the pusher slide, Improper pressure/speed, High Humidity. LIst the components of peripheral blood smear examination. Bacteria, Babesia or Malaria, Stain Precipitates. 2. Two main conditions will affect the viscosity of the blood. No area contains large amounts of broken cells or precipitated stain. Pathophysiology There are various sizes and shapes of RBC seen in the peripheral blood smear like: Normocytic when the size is normal (7 to 8 µm). ’ ve clipped this slide activity data to personalize ads and to you... 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