7. Non-metals react with chlorine to form covalent chlorides. Non-metals themselves are acceptors of electrons. Ionic bonding is observed because metals have few electrons in their outer-most orbitals. 8. Generally, form both ionic and covalent bonds. Hence they are unable to displace H+ from the acid to form a salt and release hydrogen gas. Chemical properties of Non-metals: 1. Non-metals can not displace hydrogen from acids as, non- metals do not lose electrons radially. Non-metals do not show such displacement reactions. 4. Generally, metals displace hydrogen from dilute acids. To release H+ from the acid, the non-metal has to provide the extra electron. It is seen that electron affinities generally increase on crossing the periods (same trend as for IE’s, and for the same reason). So, they do not displace hydrogen from dilute acids. Question 1. When any substance reacts with the acid, it provides electrons, so that H+ ion will be formed. 2. Ionic or electrovalent bonds are formed under the conditions of low ionization energy, high electron affinity, and high lattice energy. This means metals form positive ions and non-metals form negative ions. Metals have a tendency to lose electrons and hence they supply electrons, i.e., they are electron donors. Reaction of non metals with water: Non metals do not react with water as to react, they need to displace hydrogen and for displacing, they need to donate electrons to hydrogen but it is not possible as they are themselves electron acceptors. 3. ///// chemistry. Again, the trend is interrupted at Group 15 due to the np3 configuration (spin pairing must occur). Ionic bonds require an electron donor, often a metal, and an electron acceptor, a nonmetal. Question 8. Electron Affinities This is the reverse of ionisation (energy change when an electron is added to an atom/ion. LEO goes GER, Loss of electron = oxidation; gain of electron = reduction. One exception is hydrogen, but it might in fact be a metal. So, they cannot supply electrons to H+ ions. Non-metals can be solids, liquids and even gasses. Why solid sodium Chloride does not conduct electricity? Metals and Non-metals Class 10 Important Questions Long Answer Type. Metals are electron donors and hence are electropositive. Generally, metals form ionic bonds. So, look at the periodic table. Some non-metals can share electrons and form stable bonds with other atoms. Non-metals are electron acceptors and hence are electronegative. Solution Show Solution Metals are good reducing agent s because they are electron donors Hydrogen is the easy example. Ionic bonds occur between metals (electron donors) and non-metals (electron acceptors) because of the electrostatic force of attraction between positive and negative ions. Metals are electron donors and non-metals are electron acceptors. By losing those electrons, these metals can achieve noble gas configuration and satisfy the octet rule. Non-metals do not react with dilute acids and don’t displace hydrogen from dilute acids, because non-metals are electron acceptor. That is why metals displace hydrogen from dilute acids. The elements to the left tend to donate electrons, because they have less than half a full valence shell. Reaction of Non-metals with Chlorine. On the other hand, non-metal is an electron acceptor. For example, As non - metals do not provide these electrons, they cannot displace hydrogen from acids. Hence non-metals are called electron acceptors. Non-metals cannot displace hydrogen from dilute acids. Metals are good _____ (oxidizing agents / reducing agents) because they are electron _____ (acceptors / donors). 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